infectious diseases library

Bird flu, malaria, plague and West Nile virus are infectious diseases we've all heard of. Find information on these epidemics and more in this section.

How Malaria Works

Featured Article: How Malaria Works

If you're a mother in tropical Africa, a biting mosquito is one of your worst fears, because it can transmit malaria. Learn about this serious, often fatal disease and find out why it's one of the world's most pressing public health concerns. See more »

10 Worst Epidemics

10 Worst Epidemics

Strap on your face mask, slip on your latex gloves and get comfortable in your plastic bubble. We're taking you through some of the world's most contagious, deadliest epidemics.

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Are colds and the flu most contagious before or after you start showing symptoms?

Are colds and the flu most contagious before or after you start showing symptoms?

Many of us understand that we're most contagious before we start feeling sick. Find out when colds and the flu are most easily spread.

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Are we on the brink of an AIDS vaccine?

Are we on the brink of an AIDS vaccine?

A research group in Atlanta has developed an AIDS vaccine that shows 96 percent effectiveness in non-human, pre-clinical trials. It's already in Phase I human trials and could be on the market within four years.

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Does male circumcision up the risk of male-to-female HIV transmission?

Does male circumcision up the risk of male-to-female HIV transmission?

The giddiness over studies showing that circumcision reduces a man's risk of contracting AIDS from an infected woman has died down a bit in the wake of subsequent research. It appears that a woman's risk of contracting AIDS from an infected man may be greater if he's circumcised.

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How AIDS Works

How AIDS Works

Many world leaders agree that we're losing the war on AIDS. AIDS is one of the deadliest human diseases ever -- worldwide, it claims approximately 5 lives every minute of every day. Learn how the AIDS virus attacks the body.

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How Bird Flu Works

How Bird Flu Works

If you've kept up with the news lately, you've probably heard dire warnings about avian flu, or bird flu. In this article, we'll review the basics of how viruses and influenza work, and we'll learn the answers to these and other questions about avian flu, including whether it is likely to cause a global flu epidemic.

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How Malaria Works

How Malaria Works

If you're a mother in tropical Africa, a biting mosquito is one of your worst fears, because it can transmit malaria. Learn about this serious, often fatal disease and find out why it's one of the world's most pressing public health concerns.

See more »
How MRSA Works

How MRSA Works

MRSA, also called the superbug, is a bacterium becoming resistant to antibiotics. Read about treating MRSA infections and how MRSA can be controlled.

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How Plague Works

How Plague Works

You may be familiar with the medieval 'Black Plague," but did you know that bouts of plague still break out today? Find out what causes an outbreak, learn why plague still exists and explore how the plague has influenced history.

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How SARS Works

How SARS Works

Severe acute respiratory syndrome or SARS is back in the news. A second case has been confirmed in China in the southern province of Guangdong. Learn about this potentially lethal condition.

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How the Flu Works

How the Flu Works

While most flu sufferers moan and groan for about a week and then return to work, the flu season creates more than just discomfort and a costly loss of work days.

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How West Nile Virus Works

How West Nile Virus Works

Ever since West Nile Virus arrived in the United States, it's been treated as a serious, growing threat. This virus, transmitted by mosquitoes, is potentially deadly -- but what are your chances of contracting it?

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Why would circumcision decrease a man's risk of contracting AIDS?

Why would circumcision decrease a man's risk of contracting AIDS?

The results of three recent studies show that an uncircumcised man is twice as likely to contract AIDS from an infected woman as is a circumcised one.

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How does botulism work?

Honey can be dangerous to infants because of botulism. Find out why honey is dangerous for infants but not for adults.

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How Infectious Diseases Work

Your body is constantly dealing with microorganisms, its own and those introduced from the outside. Some microorganisms can cause what are called infectious diseases. Learn how the body deals with them.

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A friend of mine told me that just because you have HIV doesn't mean you have AIDS. Is this true?

Early rumors claimed that having HIV doesn't mean that you necessarily have AIDS. Is there any truth to this?

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Can I get AIDS from a mosquito bite?

Since AIDS is carried through the blood, what are the chances of contracting it from a mosquito bite?

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What causes the common cold?

If you've ever had to work through a nasty cold, you may have asked yourself why you ended up so sick in the first place.

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What is foot-and-mouth disease?

Foot-and-mouth diseases is a pretty odd-sounding name. So what is this condition?

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What is the Flu?

Flu is short for influenza virus. Learn how the flu virus works and why antibiotics won't help you fight it.

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Symptom Checker:

  Abdominal Bloating   Abdominal Fullness Prematurely Afte...   Abdominal Lumps   Abdominal Mass   Abdominal Pain   Abdominal Rigidity   Abdominal Sounds   Abdominal Swelling   Abnormal Posturing   Abnormal Tooth Shape   Abnormally Dark Or Light Skin   Absent Menstruation   Absent Thirst   Agitation   Ambiguous Genitalia   Ankle Pain   Appetite Decrease   Appetite Increase   Apraxia   Arachnodactyly   Armpit Lump   Autistic Behavior   Babinski's Reflex   Bed Wetting   Belching   Binge Eating   Blackheads   Bleeding Gums   Bleeding Into The Skin   Blindness   Blockage Of Leg Arteries   Blood In The Semen   Blood in Urine   Bloody Or Tarry Stools   Bone Pain Or Tenderness   Bounding Pulse   Bowel Incontinence   Breast Lump   Breast Pain   Breath Odor   Breath Sounds   Breathing - Slowed Or Stopped   Breathing Difficulty   Breathing Difficulty When Lying Dow...   Breathing That Sounds Abnormal   Broad Nasal Bridge   Bulging Fontanelles   Bullae   Chemosis   Chest Pain   Chills   Clammy Skin   Claw Foot   Claw Hand   Cloudy Cornea   Clubbing Of The Fingers Or Toes   Cold Intolerance   Coloboma Of The Iris   Comedones   Confusion   Constipation   Contracture Deformity   Coughing   Coughing Up Blood   Crying Excessively in Infants   Cyst   Decerebrate Posture   Decorticate Posture   Decreased Consciousness   Decreased Urine Output   Delayed Growth   Delayed or Absent Tooth Formation   Depression   Diarrhea   Difficulty with Urination   Dizziness   Drooling   Drowsiness   Dry Eyes   Dry Hair   Dry Skin   Ear Discharge   Earache   Earlobe Creases   Elbow Pain   Epicanthal Folds   Erection Problems   Erosion   Excessive Or Unwanted Hair In Women   Excessive Thirst   Excessive Urination   Excessive Urination at Night   Excessively Large Fontanelles   Eye Burning, Itching and Discharge   Eye Pain   Eye Redness   Eye Slant   Eyelid Drooping   Eyes That Bulge   Face Pain   Facial Paralysis   Facial Swelling   Fainting   Fatigue   Female Sexual Dysfunction   Fever   Finger Pain   Fingers That Change Color   Flank Pain   Floating Stools   Focal Neurological Deficits   Foot Pain   Foot, Leg, And Ankle Swelling   Foul Smelling Stools   Frequent Or Urgent Urination   Frontal Bossing   Gas (Flatulence)   Gastrointestinal Bleeding   Genital Sores (Female)   Genital Sores (Male)   Groin Lumps   Groin Pain   Gynecomastia   Hair Loss   Hallucinations   Hand Or Foot Spasms   Hand Tremors   Hearing Loss   Heart Murmurs And Other Sounds   Heart Palpitations   Heartburn   Heat Intolerance   Heavy, Prolonged, or Irregular Mens...   Heel Pain   Hemolytic Crisis   Hepatomegaly   Heterochromia   Hiccups   Hip Pain   Hoarseness Or Changing Voice   Hump Behind The Shoulders   Hyperactivity   Hyperelastic Skin   Hypermobile Joints   Hyperventilation   Hypotonia   Impaired Smell   Increased Head Circumference   Indigestion   Infantile Reflexes   Insect Bites And Stings   Intercostal Retractions   Intertrigo   Irritability   Itching   Jaundice (Yellow Skin)   Joint Pain   Joint Swelling   Knee Pain   Leg Pain   Lichenified   Limited Range Of Motion   Lordosis   Low Nasal Bridge   Lower Back Pain   Macule   Malaise   Memory Loss   Metopic Ridge   Microcephaly   Micrognathia   Morbid Obesity   Morning Sickness   Moro Reflex   Motormental Retardation   Mouth Sores   Muscle Aches   Muscle Atrophy   Muscle Cramps   Muscle Function Loss   Muscle Twitching   Nail Abnormalities   Nasal Congestion   Nasal Discharge   Nasal Flaring   Natal Teeth   Nausea And Vomiting   Neck Lumps   Neck Pain   Night Blindness   Nightmares   Nikolsky’s Sign   Nipple Discharge   Nodules   Nosebleed   Numbness And Tingling   Obesity   Opisthotonos   Pain During Sexual Intercourse   Painful Menstrual Periods   Painful Urination   Pale or Clay-Colored Stools   Paleness   Papule   Patches   Patchy Skin Color   Pectus Carinatum   Pectus Excavatum   Penis Pain   Photophobia   Pilonidal Dimple   Pinna Abnormalities And Low-set Ear...   Point Tenderness   Polydactyly   Polyhydramnios   Poor Feeding In Infants   Preauricular Tag Or Pit   Premenstrual Breast Tenderness and ...   Prognathism   Pupils That Are Different Sizes   Purpura   Pustules   Rapid Shallow Breathing   Rash in a Child Under 2 Years   Rashes   Rib Cage Pain   Ridged Sutures   Scales   Scrotal Swelling   Seizures   Sensorineural Deafness   Separated Sutures   Shin Splints   Short Philtrum   Short Stature   Shoulder Pain   Simian Crease   Skeletal Limb Abnormalities   Skin Blushing/flushing   Skin Discoloration   Skin Lumps   Skin Turgor   Sleeping Difficulty   Sneezing   Snoring   Sore Throat   Spasticity   Speech Impairment (adult)   Splenomegaly   Splinter Hemorrhages   Strange Behavior   Stress And Anxiety   Striae   Subcutaneous Emphysema   Sunburn   Sunken Fontanelles   Supernumerary Nipples   Swallowing Difficulty   Swallowing Pain Or Burning   Sweating   Sweating Decrease   Swelling   Swollen Glands   Swollen Gums   Taste Impairment   Telangiectasia   Tenesmus   Testicle Lump   Testicle Pain   Tinnitus   Tongue Problems   Tooth Discoloration   Toothaches   Ulcers   Uncontrollable Eye Movements   Uncontrollable Movement   Uncontrolled Or Slow Movement   Uncoordinated Movement   Unpredictable Or Jerky Movement   Urinary Incontinence   Urine Discoloration   Vaginal Bleeding Between Periods   Vaginal Bleeding In Pregnancy   Vaginal Discharge   Vaginal Itching   Vesicles   Vision Problems   Vomiting Blood   Walking Abnormalities   Watery Eyes   Weak or Absent Pulse   Weakness   Webbing Of The Fingers Or Toes   Weight Gain   Weight Loss   Wheezing   White Spots in the Pupil   Whitehead   Widely Spaced Teeth   Wrinkles   Wrist Pain   Yawning

Diseases and Conditions Glossary:

  ABO Incompatibility   AIDS   ARDS (acute Respiratory Distress Sy...   Aarskog Syndrome   Aase Syndrome   Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm   Abortion - Complete   Abortion - Elective Or Therapeutic   Abortion - Incomplete   Abortion - Infected   Abortion - Threatened   Abscess   Acanthosis Nigricans   Achalasia   Achilles Tendinitis   Achondrogenesis   Achondroplasia   Acidosis   Acne   Acoustic Neuroma   Acoustic Trauma   Acquired Platelet Function Defect   Acrodermatitis   Acrodysostosis   Acromegaly   Actinic Keratosis   Actinomycosis   Acute Adrenal Crisis   Acute Arterial Occlusion - Kidney   Acute Bilateral Obstructive Uropath...   Acute Bronchitis   Acute Cerebellar Ataxia   Acute Cholecystitis (Gallstones)   Acute Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infecti...   Acute Gouty Arthritis   Acute HIV Infection   Acute Interstitial Nephritis Not NS...   Acute Kidney Failure   Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)   Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia In-Depth   Acute Mountain Sickness   Acute Myeloid Leukemia   Acute Nephritic Syndrome   Acute Pancreatitis   Acute Tubular Necrosis   Acute Unilateral Obstructive Uropat...   Acute Upper Airway Obstruction   Addison’s Disease   Adenomyosis   Adhesion   Adjustment Disorder   Adolescent Depression   Adolescent Pregnancy   Adrenocortical Carcinoma   Adrenoleukodystrophy   Adult Still's Disease   Agammaglobulinemia   Age-related Hearing Loss   Agoraphobia   Agranulocytosis   Aicardi Syndrome   Albinism   Alcohol Withdrawal   Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy   Alcoholic Ketoacidosis   Alcoholic Liver Disease   Alcoholic Neuropathy   Alcoholism   Alcoholism In-Depth   Alkalosis   Alkaptonuria   Allergic Conjunctivitis   Allergic Rhinitis   Allergic Rhinitis In-Depth   Allergic Vasculitis   Allergies   Allergy To Mold - Dander - Dust   Alopecia Areata   Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency   Alport Syndrome   Alström Syndrome   Alveolar Abnormalities   Alzheimer’s - Resources   Alzheimer’s Disease   Alzheimer's Disease Epidemic?   Alzheimer's Disease In-Depth   Amaurosis Fugax   Amblyopia   Amebiasis   Amebic Liver Abscess   Amelogenesis Imperfecta   Amenorrhea   Amniotic Constriction Bands   Amphetamine Or Sympathomimetic Into...   Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis   Anal Fissure   Analgesic Nephropathy   Anaphylaxis   Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer   Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome   Anemia   Anemia - B12 Deficiency   Anemia In-Depth   Anemia Of Chronic Disease   Anencephaly   Aneurysm   Aneurysm In The Brain   Angina   Angiodysplasia Of The Colon   Angioedema   Ankylosing Spondylitis   Annular Pancreas   Anorchia   Anorectal Abscess   Anorexia Nervosa   Anthrax   Antisocial Personality Disorder   Anxiety Disorders In-Depth   Aortic Arch Syndrome   Aortic Dissection   Aortic Insufficiency   Aortic Stenosis   Apert Syndrome   Apnea Of Prematurity   Apoplexy   Appendicitis   Arrhenoblastoma of the Ovary   Arrhythmias   Arterial Embolism   Arterial Insufficiency   Arteriosclerosis Of The Extremities   Arteriovenous Malformation - Cerebr...   Arthritis   Arthritis - Resources   Asbestos-related Pleural Effusion   Asbestosis   Ascariasis   Ascites   Aseptic Meningitis   Aseptic Necrosis   Asherman Syndrome   Asperger Syndrome   Aspergillosis   Aspiration Pneumonia   Asthma   Asthma And Allergy - Resources   Asthma In Adults In-Depth   Asthma In Children And Adolescents ...   Astigmatism   Asymptomatic Bacteriuria   Asymptomatic HIV Infection   Ataxia-telangiectasia   Atelectasis   Atheroembolic Renal Disease   Atherosclerosis   Athlete's Foot   Atrial Fibrillation/flutter   Atrial Myxoma   Atrial Septal Defect   Atrophic Vaginitis   Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Dis...   Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Dis...   Atypical Mycobacterial Infection   Atypical Pneumonia   Aural Polyps   Autism   Autism - Resources   Autoerythrocyte Sensitivity   Autoimmune Disorders   Autoimmune Hepatitis   Autonomic Hyperreflexia   Autonomic Neuropathy   Avian Influenza   Avoidant Personality Disorder   Axillary Nerve Dysfunction   Back Pain And Sciatica In-Depth   Back Strain Treatment   Backaches And Stress   Bacterial Gastroenteritis   Baker’s Cyst   Balanitis   Barbiturate Intoxication And Overdo...   Barrett’s Esophagus   Bartholin’s Abscess   Bartter Syndrome   Basal Cell Carcinoma   Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome   Basal Ganglia Dysfunction   Bassen-Kornzweig Syndrome   Bathing Trunk Nevus   Becker's Muscular Dystrophy   Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome   Bedwetting   Bell's Palsy   Benign Ear Cyst Or Tumor   Benign Positional Vertigo   Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia In-Dep...   Beriberi   Bezoar   Bilateral Hydronephrosis   Bile Duct Obstruction   Biliary Atresia   Biliary Stricture   Bipolar Disorder   Bipolar Disorder In-Depth   Birth-acquired Herpes   Birthmarks - Pigmented   Birthmarks - Red   Bladder Cancer   Bladder Outlet Obstruction   Bladder Stones   Blastomycosis   Blastomycosis Skin Lesion   Bleeding Disorders   Bleeding Esophageal Varices   Blepharitis   Blind Loop Syndrome   Blocked Tear Duct   Blood Clots   Blount's Disease   Body Lice   Bone Tumors   Borderline Personality Disorder   Botulism   Bowlegs   Brachial Palsy In Newborns   Brachial Plexopathy   Brain Abscess   Brain Herniation   Brain Tumor - Adults   Brain Tumor - Children   Brain Tumors - Primary In-Depth   Branchial Cleft Cyst   Breast Cancer   Breast Cancer In-Depth   Breast Infection   Breast Milk Jaundice   Breath Holding Spell   Brief Reactive Psychosis   Bronchial Adenoma   Bronchiectasis   Bronchiolitis   Bronchitis   Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia   Brucellosis   Bruxism   Bulimia   Bullous Pemphigoid   Bunions   Burkitt Lymphoma   Bursitis   Byssinosis   CMV - Gastroenteritis/colitis   CMV - Immunocompromised Host   CMV - Pneumonia   CMV Esophagitis   CMV Retinitis   CSF Leak   Campylobacter Enteritis   Canavan Disease   Cancer   Cancer - Penis   Cancer - Renal Pelvis Or Ureter   Cancer - Resources   Cancer - Throat Or Larynx   Cancer - Vulva   Candida Esophagitis   Canker Sore Treatment   Canker Sores   Caplan Syndrome   Caput Succedaneum   Carbunculosis   Carcinoid Syndrome   Cardiac Amyloidosis   Cardiac Tamponade   Cardiogenic Shock   Cardiomyopathy   Carpal Tunnel Syndrome   Carpal Tunnel Syndrome In-Depth   Cat Scratch Disease   Cataract   Cataracts In-Depth   Catheter-associated UTI   Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis   Celiac Disease - Sprue